Archive: Fernando Pessoa - English heteronyms

This digital edition presents the transcription of the group of texts by English personalities invented by Fernando Pessoa that we gather here under the name of “English heteronyms”. Thus, this edition includes:

1) the texts signed by English heteronyms created before 1914;

2) texts signed by English heteronyms created after 1914;

3) texts in English signed by Portuguese heteronyms.

In addition to these groups of texts, we also include Fernando Pessoa's English poems. As Jorge de Sena points out, “Side by side with the heteronyms, Pessoa himself is no less heteronym than they are”[1]. This understanding fundaments the inclusion of all the poetry in English in this edition.

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The texts transcribed are in the Portuguese author's Archive in the custody of the National Library of Portugal, with the reference E3. All facsimiles are accompanied by a paleographical transcription and a critical lesson. The numbering in square brackets that precedes each text corresponds to the cataloging number of the documents present in the Archive. Abbreviations are developed and lapses corrected.

To establish the text, we use the following symbols:

XXXXXX ^/xxxxxx\ – first version ^{/alternative version\}

| XXXX | – segment doubted by the author

† – indecipherable word

{…} – blank space left by author

|* XXXX | – conjectural reading

[…] – damaged material support

Just click on the title of each document to access the respective edition. The edition is available for download, by clicking on the icon in the “PDF” field. The citation rules for each document can be found in the “Citation rules”.

This digital edition by Nuno Filipe Gonçalves Nunes Ribeiro is funded by the Individual Competition for Scientific Employment Stimulus, granted by the Foundation for Science and Technology – regarding the project with the reference CEECIND/08872/2023 –, and is developed at the IELT - Institute for the Study of Literature and Tradition (NOVA FCSH).

We would like to thank Professor Fernando Cabral Martins for the institutional support and José Barbieri for the help with the computer aspects of this edition.

Nuno Ribeiro

[1] Jorge de Sena, Fernando Pessoa & C^a Heterónima (Estudos Coligidos 1940-1978), Lisboa, Edições 70, 2000, p. 270.